Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb By Jason Chamberlin Essay

Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb: By Jason Chamberlin The atomic bomb was one of the most impacting event of the 20th century. It forever changed the way that people looked at war. For the first time, the human race possed the ability to destroy on a massive scale, and they actually got to see how they could do it during the second World War. It was a decision that the president, Harry Truman, had to think and decide very carefully on what exactly he wanted to do. Never in the history of war has anyone had the power that now existed within the United States of America. With a single decision, the President struck fear in the people of other nations. It was an exclamation point that stated how powerful a nation that America now is.†¦show more content†¦Through testing and many secret meetings, President Truman gave the final order to use it. The title that was given to the creation of the atomic bomb was the Manhattan Project. This was the name that was given to ensure that the bomb be kept a secret. Some of the people that were working on it did not even realize what they were doing. The project was worked on all over the country, making it even more of a mystery as to what the Untied Sates was doing.2 The Target Committee was made up to watch over the project and discuss areas of concern with it. They were the ones that would report to different military officials in order to keep the President informed. In meetings at Dr. Oppenheimer’s office in Los Alamos, topics such as status of targets and rehearsals of the bomb were discussed.3 The Target committee tried to cover all areas of the bomb in order to make sure everything went perfect. This is where the actual information started in order to plan out each and every step leading up to dropping the bomb. The information was crucial to the whole project. There would be no way that the President would order the bomb to be dropped unless they had it working perfect. Dr. Oppenhiemer was the main scientist that would be in direct contact with General Groves. The general would then inform the President.4 On Monday July 2nd, 1945, General Groves called Dr. Oppenheimer to discuss testing the bomb itself. In there phone conversation

Essay on Monsanto Attempts to Balance Stakeholder Interests

Summary: Monsanto Company is the world’s largest seed company. They specialize in genetic manipulation of organisms. Monsanto was founded by John E Queeny in 1901 in St. Louis, Missouri. The company’s first product was artificial sweetener. At the start of World War 1, company leader realized the growth opportunities of industrial chemicals. In 1970’s, Monsanto had produced a chemical known as Agent Orange. Agent Orange contained dioxin; a chemical that caused a legal nightmare for Monsanto, a lawsuit was filed against Monsanto on behalf of hundreds of veterans. The repercussions of dioxin would plague the company for years. In 1981 Monsanto leaders determined that biotechnology would be the company’s new†¦show more content†¦Comply with all laws, and rules 4. Act in good faith 5. Respect the confidentiality of information 6. Share knowledge and maintain skills 7. Promote and be a good example of ethical behavior 8. Responsible use of and control over all assets 9. Promptly report to the General Counsel or Director of Business Conduct and conduct that is violation of law or business ethics Monsanto’s measuring up: Concerns about the safety of GM foods: †¢ One concern is toxicity, but despite the concerns, the FDA has proclaimed the GM food is safe to consumers. Concerns about Environmental effects: †¢ There are concerns about the roundup herbicide, which is used in conjunction with the GM seed. But studies have shown that the Environmental Protection Agency maintains that glyphosate is not dangerous at recommended doses. †¢ Another concern is that GM seeds could be carried off by the wind, bees and other insects to other areas. Monsanto has not been silent on these issues and has acted to address some of these concerns. Concerns about crop resistance to Pesticides and Herbicides: †¢ Critics fear that continual use of chemicals could result in â€Å"super weeds† and â€Å"super bugs†. a. To combat â€Å"super bugs† the government requires farmers using Monsanto’s products to create â€Å"refuges†. b. To prevent resistance to herbicide, farmers are required to vary herbicide use and practice crop rotations. Monsanto Ethics issues: InShow MoreRelatedCase Study 1: Monsanto Attempts to Balance Stakeholder Interests995 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 1: Monsanto Attempts to Balance Stakeholder Interests This case involves Monsanto, the world’s largest seed company. This is no ordinary seed company, it specializes in the genetic manipulation of organisms, known as biotechnology. Weeds, insects, and drought have been a huge issue for farmers. Herbicides and pesticides were creators to keep pests off of plants, however, applying them proved to be expensive and time consuming. Monsanto answered this problem by creating seeds that containedRead MoreBusiness Ethics: Case Studies1238 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Business Ethics Table of Contents Case 1: Monsanto Attempts to Balance Stakeholder Interests. 3 Case 3: Wal-Mart: The Future is Sustainability. 4 Case 6: AIG: Coping with financial and ethical risks. 4 Case 7: Microsoft Manages Legal and Ethical Issues. 5 Case 1: Monsanto Attempts to Balance Stakeholder Interests. Monsanto is a world renowned organization dealing in agriculture products. The seeds produced by the business are genetically modified. The genetically modified agriculturalRead MoreEfficacy Of Monsanto s Ethical Culture1419 Words   |  6 Pagesissues remain relevant aspects for businesses operation and competitiveness. The elements aforesaid ensure that every firm has what it takes to connect well with the community to provide consistent market and productive relationship with other stakeholders. Monsanto Company that was in a tussle with the community over the production of the genetically modified products that seemed detrimental to the society responded by creating awareness to the people about the need for sustainable farming practicesRead MoreMonsanto Harvest with Fear5203 Words   |  21 PagesMonsanto Harvest With Fear Company Background Monsanto positions itself as a relatively new agricultural company having formed in 2002, and focused on supporting local farmers around the world. They also promote themselves as a guardian of the environment with a mission â€Å"to produce more food while conserving more† (Monsanto.com). Today’s Monsanto conglomerate also promotes itself as the â€Å"New Merchants,† a leading research company in the field of agriculture-crop production, as well as aRead MoreLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 Pagesto make plants resistant to various pests and thereby promote agricultural practice by making it easier for farmers to produce a greater amount of goods. The success of the laboratory methods motivated scientists to attempt further experiments. The next steps were taken to attempt to treat or cure diseases and illnesses by modifying the structures contained in certain organisms. Humulin insulin was the first FDA approved GMO in 1982. Diabetes mellitus type 1 occurs when the body’s immune systemRead MoreBioethical Issues on Genetically Modified Organisms (Gmos) in Malaysia: Biting Into the Legal Protection Under the Biosafety Act 20074399 Words   |  18 Pagesprotecting bioethical issues. Drawn from an ongoing doctoral research, the paper attempts to address the legal protection afforded by the 2007 Act and its most recently created regulation to bioethical concerns relating to GMOs within the current biotechnology terrain in Malaysia. Also, the paper suggests that the ambiguity of the provisions in the 2007 Act in protecting such concerns representing wider societal interests and welfare, would in some ways, vanquish the pr otectionist principles the 2007Read MoreCsr Communication in the Pharma Industry35538 Words   |  143 Pages CSR and Corporate Communication: a strategy of visibility 2.2.3. Communicating CSR 2.2.3.1. Challenges of CSR communication 2.2.3.2. CSR Communication strategies 2.3. Stakeholders and CSR 2.3.1. Concept 2.3.2. The importance of stakeholders for CSR 2.3.3. Categorizing the stakeholders 2.3.4. Stakeholder theory 2.3.5. Stakeholder map 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10 11 11 11 13 13 13 15 16 18 20 20 23 23 27 28 31 33 38 40 40 41 42 43 45 2 CSR COMMUNICATION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY Josà © JavierRead MoreTriple Bottom Line5612 Words   |  23 Pagesthat no one could protect it. We began using the term in public, with early launch platforms, including an article in the California Management Review on ‘win–win–win’ business strategies (Elkington, 1994), SustainAbility’s 1996 report Engaging Stakeholders and my 1997 book Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business (Elkington, 1997). In 1995, we also developed the 3P formulation, ‘people, planet and profits’, later adopted by Shell for its first Shell Report and now widelyRead MoreLas 432 - Genetically Modified Foods Essay14589 Words   |  59 Pagesnongmoshoppingguide.com; in order to help identify, avoid GM foods and find hidden GM ingredients on food labels. If you have an iPhone, download the ShopNoGMO guide for free from the iTunes store. Copyright of Better Nutrition is the property of Active Interest Media, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder’s express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use (Smith, 2012,Read MoreThe Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: a Review of Concepts, Research and Practice15551 Words   |  63 PagesResponsibility (BSR), for example, is a business association founded in 1992 to provide corporations with expertise on the subject and an opportunity for business executives to advance the ï ¬ eld and learn from one another. There has been an explosion of interest in CSR in the European Union and around the world. The London-based  © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and British Academy of Management. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK and 350 Main Street, Malden

Kite Runner Racism Free Essays

Racism plays important roles in Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner. The author uses racism to describe the characters and the culture represented in the stories. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini uses prejudice as a tool to tell this story of betrayal and redemption. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner Racism or any similar topic only for you Order Now He pursues his story with prejudice and racism in Afghanistan as well as in the United States. While the author uses individual characters to tell the story, he portrays the general attitudes and history associated with the characters’ Hazara and Pashtun ethnic origins and the conflicts that arise in Afghanistan. Throughout history and even while the story was taking place in the 70’s the US of A was going through their tough times with racism and prejudice thoughts and acts towards other ethnical groups such as the blacks, Asians and Latino’s. Although during this present era these racist acts and thoughts have been cut down and have been limited to just some states in the south as where in Afghanistan these prejudice acts still exist. Ali and Hassan represent the marginalized group in this story. They are considered by the ruling class to be of lesser value due to their ethnic origin, religious beliefs, appearance and social standing. The author gives us a glance of this when Amir reads about the harassment of, and attempted uprising of the Hazara, and how Amir’s people, the Pashtuns had: â€Å"†¦quelled them with unspeakable violence†. The disregard that people have for the Hazara is reinforced when Amir asks his teacher about what he has read and he responds by saying, â€Å"That’s one thing Shi’a people do well, passing themselves as martyrs†. Assef shows how internalized this hostility is when he says to Amir and Hassan, â€Å"Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this Flat-Nose here†. How to cite Kite Runner Racism, Papers

Knowledge of Organizational Management

Introduction Leadership in profit making and non-profit making organizations has been under study for the past one century. As a result, there have been various theories explaining effective leadership in profit and non-profit making organizations. Leaders have been defined as being individuals with lots of impacts on others to act in a manner that will ensure attainment of organization’s goal or objective.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge of Organizational Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, there has been no enough information explaining the application of such leadership theories in business setting. In addition, the strength and weaknesses of contemporary leadership models have not been exploited fully. As a result, this easy critically demonstrates an application of my knowledge of organization management by synthesizing the information from different readings and class work into work and life experience in organization management. Primary Leadership Theories According to Yuki (1994), â€Å"the main primary leadership theories used in profit and non-profit organizations are Trait Theory, the Behavior Theory and the Contingency Theory. Current leadership theories being researched are Transformational and Servant Leadership.† (Yukl, 1994) Trait Theory: this theory assumes that people are born already having traits which are inherited from generation to another in their lineage. There are some traits which are suited for leadership while others are not. As a result, proponents of this theory try to differentiate different traits in leaders who have been perceived as being great. They have tried to research on physical traits like the leaders’ height as well as psychological like temperament. At long last, their studies have proved the fact that there exist no universal traits of such leaders. However, there are some traits which were found to be of much significance for any leader. Such traits include â€Å"Adaptable to situations, Alert to social environment, Ambitious and achievement-orientated, Assertive, Cooperative, Decisive and Dependable,† (Science.jrank.org 2011) among others. On the other hand, the theory identifies various skills required by any leader in order to be termed as great. Such skills include, â€Å"Clever (intelligent), conceptually skilled, Creative, Diplomatic and tactful, Knowledgeable about group task, Organized, Persuasive, and socially skilled.† (Science.jrank.org 2011) Behavior Theory: it has been stipulated that, behaviors are significant for any leader. This is because; it has been assumed that, behaviors are very important as compared to physical characteristics or mental traits. Studies have found that â€Å"Two types of behavior correlate with great leaders, according to the theory: the ability to organize a task and the ability to express consideration for subordinates.à ¢â‚¬  (Rowe 2007)Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Contingency theory: according to this theory, the most significant quality of any great leader is his or her capability to respond to any contingency that he or she is faced with. Some of these significant contingencies include â€Å"respect level, kind of trust felt by workers for the leader, the level at which the leader can organize any task ahead of him or her, as well as the control over reward and recognition processes for his/her subordinates.† (Science.jrank.org 2011) Servant and Transformational Leadership Theory: this theory states that, â€Å"leaders who are transformational have the ability to impact their subordinates by being examples and much inspiration by him/her-self.† (Jago 1982) Such leaders usually motivate their subordinates to an extent that they end up performing above and even beyond th eir job stipulations. Servant leadership on the other hand denies leaders the privilege position, by giving them a responsibility position. This gives them the responsibility of achieving best possible results for the organization they are working for, the subordinates as well as customers or clients. Applications of Various Leadership Theories in Business Settings There exist no single leadership theory that has been applied in business, but in case there is a single application of leadership theory, no matter the process, leaders have brought success in business. However, the difference comes in the processes under which one brings such success. Successful business operations depend much on leadership theories. Such theories have been applied in casting visions, motivating employees as well as positive change implementation. Leadership theories like transformational and behavior theories have been applied directly in the development management of corporate culture in any organizat ion. In such a manner, such theories have been applied in training effective leaders in business operations to â€Å"produces productive systems, satisfied employees and a positive public image.†(Yukl, 1994) Leadership theories like trait and behavioral theories have been used in the creation of highly productive as well as enjoyable business settings. This is based on the fact that, they have been in a position to bring up leaders who have the ability of defining â€Å"business’ vision statement, goals and standards the company will uphold.† (Science.jrank.org 2011) These theories have been used to fulfill the responsibility of encouraging both feedbacks as well as change implementation. Such theories have been addressing conflict resolution issues as well as making wise decisions concerning business environments.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge of Organizational Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leadership theories have been very helpful in the process of identifying leadership types in business settings. Some of these leadership types include, â€Å"authoritative leaders, who operate solely, making executive decisions that are communicated to lower-management and implemented throughout the company. Democratic business leadership relies on employee feedback and participation to make decisions and brainstorm.†(Jago 1982) Democratic leadership has copied more from transformational leadership theory by ensuring that business leaders are in a position of giving tasks to different teams, while still overseeing other tasks. Leadership theories like trait, behavior, contingency and others, have shown leadership qualities like integrity, communication skills in business settings. Leaders having such qualities have been exceeding their expectations, apart from living up to the standards of their expectations. Business leaders have applied such quali ties in effective communication both at personal and organization’s levels; they have also been in a position of foreseeing issues like success, apart from having the ability to plan for difficulties in advance. Leadership theories have been applied in business particularly in the creation of â€Å"an effective organizational structure, satisfied employees and a positive public image.† (Jago 1982)This is based on the fact that, Leadership theories have been responsible for combining systems as well as policies that have been established in any business setting. In one way or the other, apart from inspiring and guiding employees, employees have also find greater satisfaction as a result of â€Å"vision, direction and reward which produces purpose and fulfillment.† (Rowe 2007) Companies have used leadership theories in the process of creating public image. This has been due to well thought out external communication. Such theories have been in apposition of taking care of clients and ensuring healthy business relations. However, it should be noted that, the application of leadership theories in business setting is a growth process which might require continual training as well as development through seminars, reading books as well as joining network accountability groups. Strengths and Weaknesses of Contemporary Leadership Models Contemporary leadership models have the ability of developing visions as well as inspiring followers to attain a certain goal. Managers following contemporary leadership models like transformational as well as charismatic models have the ability to lead passionately as well as enthusiastically.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is because; the models have the ability to equip such managers with convincing power, hence they can convince their subordinates to accept changes that have been recommended. As a result, their subordinates remain committed to the completion of necessary work for organization transformation. On the other hand, leadership models increases dependence on leaders. Though such leaders have the ability to attract followers that need inspirational along with energetic guidance, such followers might be convinced by leadership models to follow their leaders blindly. This is because; followers might place lots of emphasis on pleasing their leaders, other than attaining a long term objective. Such models can also lead to abuse and misuse of powers. It is true that leaders following leadership models usually come out of risky situations as they usually inspire their followers to take chances that might lead to innovations and creativity. However, such leaders may â€Å"use their powers to make positive impacts in organizations, some leaders exploit their totalitarian control by manipulating situations for their own gains. Subordinates may obey leaders without considering the long-term impacts as these leaders are so convincing and inspiring.† (Science.jrank.org 2011) Last but not least, such models are only based on theoretical statements, not putting into practice the real life managers as well as leaders undergo while undertaking their operations. Conclusion In conclusion, though there isn’t enough information explaining the application of primary leadership theories in profit and non-profit organization, this essay has provided at least some information concerning primary leadership theories used in profit as well as non-profit organization. It has also outlined how such theories have been applied in business settings. Apart from addressing the strength of contemporary leadership models in day to day leadership strategies, the essay has also addresse d their weaknesses. With is kind of synthesized information, organization leaders can achieve more in their organization, as compared to their job descriptions. References Jago, G. (1982). Leadership: Perspectives in theory and research. Management Science. 28(3): 315-336. Rowe, W. (2007). Cases in Leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Science.jrank.org . (2011). Leadership – The Rise of Contemporary Leadership Theory. Retrieved from: https://science.jrank.org/pages/9943/Leadership-Rise-Contemporary-Leadership-Theory.html Yukl, G. (1994). Leadership in Organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. This essay on Knowledge of Organizational Management was written and submitted by user Aryana Miranda to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Martin Luther Kings Last Speech

Martin Luther Kings Last Speech Introduction â€Å"I have been to the mountain† was Martin Luther King’s last speech before he was assassinated. In this speech, King aims at maintaining action by encouraging the civil rights activists to continue fighting for racial equality. He uses biblical references to pass his message across to the people. He says that just like the biblical Jews who suffered in the wilderness, but their descendants finally reached the Promised Land, so will the descendants of the black people in the United States.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Martin Luther Kings Last Speech specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More King rallies the people to keep fighting for their rights and never to give up. He refers to the many successes the movements have had so far. He realized that this was the best tactic to encourage the people to make sure that disillusionment does not overwhelm idealism. He compared past events and to make conclusions that all will be well in the future. On most occasions he uses the bible, for instance, he compares the Jews slaves who were persecuted in Egypt, but due to their perseverance, they lived until they were released and eventually reached the Promised Land, to the black slaves in America whom he believed would also finally be free. This was his central claim, which actually comes out clearly in this line â€Å"I want you to know tonight that we as a people will get to the Promised Land† (King 1). This served to encourage the civil rights activists to employ righteousness in their fight for equality. In this speech King was speaking directly to the sanitation workers who were striking in Memphis, but his intention was to reach all African Americans to encourage them to rally behind the movement so that they can achieve their civil rights. He uses many past events to support this claim. For instance, he uses past efforts to illustrate some of the civil rights successes . Among them are the sit-ins that happened in North Carolina, the freedom rides that were witnessed in the South, the Negro activism in states like Georgia, Albany, Alabama, and Birmingham, and also the many supporters who trooped to capital in 1963 to participate in the demonstration in which King gave his â€Å"I have a dream† speech. He also used those fighting injustice in Memphis, Alabama, and Selma to support his claim (King 1). King uses his oratory skills in this speech to create a role of activist to be played by his audience by retelling heroism stories in the past and assuring them that they will eventually succeed even without him around. He employs a superior relationship with the audience by using many personal examples in supporting his claim. This made the people realize that he was a very important person to them. The role of prophet that he gives himself makes people believe in every word that come out of his mouth.Advertising Looking for essay on po litical sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When he says â€Å"I want to thank God once more for allowing me to be here with you† (King 1), he brings out the idea that he is chosen by God to deliver his people from misery. He uses near death experiences that he has gone through to paint himself as a person who has been tested and chosen. He also emerges as a visionary when he claims that he has been on the top of the mountain and has seen the Promised Land (King 1). King uses a well organized chronological structure that he strategically embeds in the context of the time. He travels back to refer to the early successes of the movement in the start of the 1960s and works his way systematically to the present and concludes the speech with a visionary look into the future ahead. By using this structure, King was able to rekindle enthusiasm in his audience by reminding them of their circumstances and encouraging the m to always keep in mind their current troubles (King 1). In short, King claims that the efforts of the civil rights movement will come to bear fruit. He proves this by sharing his dream with the people. Having assumed a prophetic figure, he did not need much proof to strengthen his message although he has cited a few. His message was a humble plea for equality not a demand by blacks that could create fear in the white population. This is shown by his contrasting example of the black women who attempted to kill him and that of the small white girl who admired him. Work Cited King Martin. Ive Been to the Mountaintop. American Rhetoric, 1968. Web. https://americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkivebeentothemountaintop.htm

Trucking is the Most Common American Job in Each State

Trucking is the Most Common American Job in Each State If you were on the fence about enrolling in a Class A CDL class, wait no longer! Truck driver has just passed secretary to become the most common U.S. job, according to the latest Census Bureau data and Roadmaster.com! According to NPR, the decline of secretary positions due to the rise of personal computers, the outsourcing of manufacturing, and the erosion of regional specialization are all contributing factors to this shift. Globalization and technology have made big changes to farmers and machine operators across the country.In Washington, D.C. and neighboring Virginia and Maryland, job holder majority is held by government workers, federal contractors, and software developers, but elsewhere in the heartland, truck drivers are leading the way. Of course, the Census Bureau also groups all truck drivers and delivery people into the same category- other fields like teaching are split into subgroups that lessen their statistical impact.Truck driving also has the benefit of always rem aining a necessity- people will always need to get their products from point A to point B, and trucks pick up where planes, trains and boats leave off.Despite the popularity of the gig in the rig, according to Roadmaster there’s still a shortage of qualified drivers, so if you’re considering a license, consider this the sign you’ve been waiting for and get to work to get behind the wheel!

Love Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Love - Assignment Example The song mainly makes use of the lyrics, keyboard and chords. There is a consistent beat played throughout the song so its time signature is a simple 4/4. This drum beat has been adopted from song by Joe Tex. The rhythm of this song is consistent; hence the tempo stays the same. The structure of this song can be broken down in to verse, chorus and bridge. Like other modern hip hop songs, this song also has a simple order in its structure. The song starts with a chorus sung by both B.O.B and Bruno Mars. Forty five seconds into the song, B.O.B sings the verse followed by a bridge sung by Bruno Mars and then chorus again. This ordered structure repeats twice. Near the end, the order changes from chorus, bridge, chorus. Most of the modern music has almost all of the above mentioned features and these features suggest that they are quite predictable. Classical music on the other hand is very diverse and swerving. Symphony no. 40 by Mozart on the other hand is an original classical piece without lyrics. Mozart wrote this symphony in 1788. The symphony is purely instrumental and its complete musical piece is about thirty minutes long. This piece is melody driven which is difficult to find in the modern pop music. Unlike â€Å"Nothin’ on you† by B.O.B, this symphony has no structural limitations. Therefore, the breakdown of its structure is not as simple. Symphony number 40 changes its tempo as it has varying rhythms. These varying rhythms are very complex yet the whole piece is temporally very sophisticated. Mozart’s symphony number 40 makes use of many instruments such as the flute, oboes, clarinets, horns, bassoons and strings. The symphony starts with a fast movement but turns to a slower pace a little later. After which it enters into a phase of scherzo and finally ends at a fast pace. The structure of this symphony can be broken down in to four segments of tempo markings namely molto-allegro, Andante, Menuetto and